今天给各位分享英语语法|“倒装句”超级大汇总,考点归纳~的知识,其中也会对英语语法|“倒装句”超级大汇总,考点归纳~进行解释,如果能碰巧解决你现在面临的问题,别忘了关注本站,现在开始吧!
英语语法|“倒装句”超级大汇总,考点归纳~的介绍就聊到这里吧,感谢你花时间阅读本站内容,更多关于英语语法|“倒装句”超级大汇总,考点归纳~、英语语法|“倒装句”超级大汇总,考点归纳~的信息别忘了在本站进行查找喔。
本文导读目录:
英语倒装句的构成: 主语和谓语是句子的核心,它们之间有两种语序,一是主语在谓语之前称为自然语序(Natural Order); 二是主语在谓语之后则称为倒装语序(Inverted Order)。 倒装语序中又有完全倒装(Full Inversion)和部分倒装(Partial Inversion) 1、完全倒装(Full Inversion):又称"全部倒装",是指将句子中的谓语全部置于主语之前。此结构通常只用于一般现在时和一般过去时。 2、部分倒装(Partial Inversion)(又称半倒装句):指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态动词倒装至主语之前,而谓语动词无变化。如果句中的谓语没有助动词或情态动词,则需添加助动词do, does或did,并将其置于主语之前。 一、强调作用 为了使句子的某成分突出,我们还会使用强调,而倒装语序大多都用于强调。 1.谓语+主语+…… There be(的各种形式)+主语(+地点或时间状语) There was a drop in the temperature.温度下降了 There are birds singing in the tree.鸟儿在树上唱歌。 2.副词小品词+谓语动词+名词主语+…… Out rushed a young lady. 3.过去分词或现在分词+be的各种形式+主语+…… Scattered on the floor were several books and magazines.几本书和杂志散落在地板上 二、避免重复拖沓 为了避免句子部分内容不必要的重复,常用"so+be动词(助动词、情态动词)+主语"倒装句式或"neither/nor + be动词(助动词、情态动词)+主语"的倒装句式。 其中第一个句式表示"与前面所述的肯定情况相同",第二个句式表示"与前面所述的否定情况相同"。 A:His brother is(not) a college student; B:so is mine.(nor is mine .) A:他弟弟(不)是大学生,B:我弟弟也是。(我弟弟也不是。) A:He used to have his further study abroad; B:so did I.(neither did I.) A:他曾去国外深造过。B:我也去过。(我也没有。) 可以概括成:主语相同不倒装,主语不同倒装。 三、承上启下 倒装可把前一句说到的人或物,或与前一句有联系的人或物在下一句紧接着先说出来,从而使前后两句在意思上的关系更加清楚,衔接更加紧密,起到承上启下的作用。 They broke into her uncle's bedroom and found the man lying on the floor,dead. Around his head was a brown snake. 他们破门进入她叔叔的卧室,发现他躺在地板上死了。一条棕褐色的蛇缠在他头上。 We really should not resent being called paupers. Paupers we are,and paupers we shall remain. 我们确实不应因为被称作穷光蛋而愤愤不平。我们的确是穷光蛋,而且还会继续是穷光蛋。 四、平衡结构 英语修辞的一个重要原则是尾重原则,即把句子最复杂的成分放在句尾以保持句子平衡。在语言使用中为了避免产生头重脚轻、结构不平衡的句子,我们常采用倒装语序。 1. 以作状语的介词短语开头:当主语较长或主语所带修饰语较长时,为了使句子平衡,常将状语置于句首,句子用完全倒装语序。 例子: (1)To the coal mine came a com-pany of PLA soldiers with orders from the headquarters to rescue the trapped miners. (2)A company of PLA soldiers came to the coal mine with orders from the headquarters to rescue the trapped miners. 一个连队的解放军战士来到了那座煤矿,奉司令部之命解救受困的矿工。 倒装是英语中一个重要的修辞手段。倒装句的使用丰富了我们的语言表达,了解并掌握倒装句各种句式的用法,不仅会提高我们对英语语言的欣赏能力,对英语表达能力的提高也将大有裨益。因此,写作中适当用一些倒装句式定会使文章表达更生动、有力。 在现实的语言实践中,由于语法结构的要求,或是由于修辞的需要,往往要改变句子的自然语序,把一些本应置于主语之后的句子成分提到主语之前。我们称这种语序的变化为“倒装语序”这样的倒装语序可能使句子的内在含义产生细微的、甚至明显的改变。 1、英语倒装句的用法讲解倒装是一种语法手段,用于表示一定的句子结构或强调某一句子成分。倒装句有两种:完全倒装和部分倒装。完全倒装1) 完全倒装即把整个谓语放到主语之前(是整个谓语动词,而非助动词)。例如:The teacher came in and the class began.(没有倒装)In came the teacher and the class began. (老师走了进来,然后开始上课。)2) there引出的完全倒装句:除了最常见的there be句型以外,there还可以接appear, exist, lie, remain, seem to be, stand等,一般都译成 2、"有"的含义,构成完全倒装句。例如:There appeared to be a man in black in the distance.(远处有个穿黑色衣服的人。)3) 由地点和时间副词引出的完全倒装句:以地点副词here, there和时间副词now, then 开头,后面的动词是be, come, exist, fall, follow, go, lie, remain, seem, stand等,而主语又是名词时,构成完全倒装句。Up climbed the boy when his mother came.4)表示运动方向的副词或地点状语置于句首,谓语表示运动的 3、动词且主语是名词时使用完全倒装5)在强调状语时1)当句首状语为方位词或拟声词,谓语动词为go, come等表示位置转移的动词时句子须倒装。例如:1 Up went the plane.2 In came the chairman and the meeting began.注:如果主语是代词则不发生倒装。例如:1 Out they rushed!2 Lower and lower he bent.(2) 当句首状语为表示地点的介词词组时,句子须倒装。例如:1 Round the corner walked a large policeman.2Under the table was lying 4、 a half-conscious young man.3 当句首状语由“only +副词”,“only +介词词组”,“only +状语从句”构成时,句子须倒装。例如:1 Only yesterday did he find out that his watch was missing. (不属于完全倒装)2 Only because there were some cancelled bookings did he get some tickets in the end.(6)当句首状语为here, there, now, then等时,句子须倒装,主语是代词时,句子不用倒装。例如:1)H 5、ere is a ticket for you.2)Now comes your turn.3)Here he comes.(7)以关联词so (that)开头的句子中,句子须倒装。例如:1)So small was the mark that I could hardly see it.2)So quickly did the workmen finish their work that they were given a bonus.3)So much does he worry about his financial position that he cant sleep at nigh 6、t.注:在该结构中,“so +形容词”是表语的前置;“so +副词”是状语的前置。.在直接引语之后在叙事性书面语中,直接引语后常跟asked Mary, answered John, said the old lady, grunted Peter之类的词语。在这些词语中,动词常的主语之前,主语是代词时,不用倒装。例如:1)“What do you mean?” asked Henry.2)“What do you mean?” he asked. often, many a time等表示频度的状语置于句首时例如:Often did they think of going there, bu 7、t they never had a chance.12.在as, though引导的让步状语从句中在as, though引导的让步状语从句中,一般将形容词、副词或名词等置于句首。例如:1)Small as the atom is, we can smash it.2)Big as the workpiece is, it is turned out withOut rushed a missile from under the bomber. 轰炸机肚底下窜出一枚导弹。Out he rushed.注意:1) 在here, there引出的倒装句中,当主语是普通名词时用完全倒装句,但当主语是代 8、词时,就要用部分倒装句。例:Here comes the postman!(邮递员终于来了!注意实意谓语动词位于主语之前。)Here we are.(我们到了。注意系动词位于主语代词之后。)2) 当主语是代词,谓语是系动词,表语是说明性的词、词组和定语从句时,可以使用完全倒装句,起强调作用。例:Lucky is he who has been enrolled into a famous university.(他真幸运,被一所名牌大学录取了。)Typical for China is the crosstalk show where a pair of comedians entertain 9、s the audience with word play.(中国典型的是相声表演,两个喜剧演员通过文字游戏逗乐观众)部分倒装解析1) 部分倒装即只把谓语的一部分(如助动词、情态动词等)放到主语前,或把句子的强调成分提前。Nor did he let the disease stop him from living the kind of life he has always dreamt about(疾病没有使他放弃过上梦想中的生活)2) 以否定词开头的句子要求部分倒装。注意下列句子中助动词或情态动词提前、甚至补充助动词的用法: 例:Not until yesterday did littl 10、e John change his mind.(小约翰直到昨天才改变了主意。) In no country other than Britain, it had been said, can one experience four seasons in the course of a single day.(据说除了英国世界上没有哪个国家能让人在一天中感受到四季变化)3) 以否定副词开头并加状语放在句首的句子要求部分倒装。这些否定副词有barely, hardly, little, seldom, scarcely when, never, no sooner than, rarely, no 11、 more, not nearly, not only等以及only。 Only in the country can you learn the “true English”.4)一些如scarcelywhen, no sooner than, hardlywhen引导的主从复合句主句要求使用过去完成式。 注意:在部分倒装句中,只有助动词、情态动词或连系动词to be可以置于主语之前,其它部分都要置于主语之后。5)此外,一些介词+no+名词的结构中需要用部分倒装,这些结构包括at no time; by no means; by no manner of means; for no reas 12、on; in no case; in/under no circumstances; in no sense; in no way; on no account; on no consideration; at no point例如Under no circumstances should you lend Paul any money. 注意:a) 如果含有从句时,只要求主句倒装:例:Only after he had spoken out the word did he realize he had made a big mistake.(只有当他已经说出那个字后才意识到自己犯了个大错误。 13、)b) 如果上述否定副词出现在强调句型中的前半部分,不用倒装:例: It was not until he went abroad that he knew the truth of the fact.(直到他出国以后才了解到事实真相。)c) 如果hardly, scarcely后面接的是any, ever, at all时,意义类似almost no/ not/ never(几乎不、从不),则无须倒装。例:Hardly any people invited went there.(几乎没有什么受到邀请的人去那里了。)6) 由no matter how, however和how引导的状语从句要 14、求部分倒装,因为形容词或副词通常紧跟在这三个引导词后面,然后才是主语和谓语,形成形式上的部分倒装句:例:I know nothing about this river, neither how long, how wide nor how deep it is.(我一点也不了解这条河,不知道它有多长,多宽或多深。)7) 由as引导的部分倒装句:a) 当as作为比较意义时,即用于as + adjhttps://m.renrendoc.com/paper/ adv. + as结构中时,如果把第一个as省略掉,就形成部分倒装句。例:Cautious as the rest of her family (was) , she didn't seem 15、 willing to give an immediate reply to my question.(正如她家里人一样谨慎小心,她似乎不愿意立即回答我的问题。)She charged the stairs, quick as a rabbit (ran).(她跑上楼去,跑得象兔子那么快!)b) 当 as引导让步状语时,和although, though一样,当用作“尽管”之义时,可以用于部分倒装句。Hard as he worked, he did not pass the exam.(虽然他很用功,但他还是没及格)c) 表示原因时,为了强调起见,也可以倒装。例:Tired as he wa 16、s, we decided not to disturb him.(因为他太累了,我们决定不打扰他。)d) 等于so时,意义是“也,也是”例:She worked hard, so/ as did her husband. (她工作很努力,她的丈夫工作也很努力。)so, neither, nor倒装除了构成上述倒装句以外,还可以取代上文出现的名词、形容词甚至整句话,构成完全倒装句或部分倒装句。但这两种倒装的意义不同。a) 当so表示“也,相同,那样”时,通常表示对前一句肯定句的赞同、一致内容,要求使用完全倒装句:He promised to finish my homework, so did 17、 I.b) so /such that句型可以构成部分倒装句,表示强调so /such和that之间的部分:例:So selfish was she that everyone avoid talking with her.c)也存在such+be+主语的情况用以强调,例如Such was Albert Einstein, a simple man of great achievements.(阿尔伯特?爱因斯坦是一个有伟大成就的普通人)d) neither和nor共有4种倒装形式,其含义分别为:1) 完全倒装时:表示"也不",和上文a)用法正好相反,表示对前一句否定句的赞 18、同或一致内容。例:You don't know what to do now, neither/ nor do I .(你不知道现在该做什么,我也不知道。)2) 和其它否定副词连用,表示"也(不)",也要求用完全倒装句:例:The besieged enemy could not advance, nor / neither retreat could they .(被包围的敌人既不能进,也不能退。)注意:若把这句话改成:"The besieged enemy could neither advance nor retreat.(被包围的敌人既不能进,也不 19、能退。)"就不必倒装。She never laughed, nor did she ever lose her temper.3) 用在肯定句里,构成一般否定倒装:例:All that is true, nor must we forget it.(那全都是真的,我们可不能忘记。)部分倒装作用有承上启下作用,表示同意和赞同:例:A: I couldn't do anything for her.(我帮不了她。)B: Nor you could, but you might have got somebody to help her.(你是不能帮她,但你本可以找人帮她的。)2) 20、 在进行比较的句子里,如果主语不是代词时,可以倒装:例:America consumes more energy than did our country.(美国消耗的能源比我们国家多。)3)在某些表示祝愿的句型中要求倒装。如May you happy.4)在文学作品中常出现倒装,有些是由于语法习惯,有些是为了简单的修辞,如Not even one cloud will I bring away(不带走一片云彩).不用倒装的地方注:如果only后面的词组不是状语,则不用倒装.Only Wang Ling knows this .如果直接引语后注明引语是什么人说的,而且主语是名词时,用倒装结构; 21、主语是代词时,一般不用倒装。" Let's go ," said the man .编辑本段分类there be结构的倒装在“there be”(或there + appear to be,come,exist, happen to be, lie, live, occur, remain, seem, seem to be, stand, used to be) 雪结构中,倒装形式为完全倒装。如:There were many students in the reading room in this evening.今晚阅览室里有许多学生。There is a T 22、V set, a stereo system and a number of chairs in the sitting room.客厅里有一台电视机,一套组合音响和一些椅子。here,there,now,then等引起的倒装在以here,there,now,then等简短副词引起的句子中(前三个须用一般现在时),动词往往是be,come,go等时, 这类句子大多带有引起注意的含义。如:Here comes the bus.公共汽车来了。Here is the letter you have been looking forward to.你久盼的信在这儿。但要注意:如果主语是人称代词,则不用 23、倒装。如:Here they are. 他们在这儿。省略if的非真实条件状语从句中的倒装虚拟结构中的条件从句省去if时,were, had, should须移至主语之前。如:Had you worked harder at college, you would have got better job.如果你在大学期间读书用功些,现在就会找到一份更好的工作。Were he better qualified, he would apply for the position.要是他的条件再好些,他就申请这个职位。what,how引起的倒装以What, how开头的感叹句(表语或宾语提前)。如:Wha 24、t beautiful weather (it is)!多好的天气啊!(表语提前)What a lovely picture he painted!他画了一张多好的画啊!(宾语提前)疑问词或连接词引起的倒装在疑问词或连接词whether等引起的从句中。如:Whatever you may say, I wont go there.无论你怎样说,我都不会去那儿。(状语从句中宾语提前)What book he wants is not clear.他要什么书还不清楚。(主语从句中宾语提前)否定词位于句首时引起的倒装(1). never,seldom,hardly,little,few等引起的倒装否 25、定词never,seldom,rarely,hardly,barely,scarcely,little,few等位于句首时所引起的倒装句通常为部分倒装形式,如果谓语动词为be的一般现在时或一般过去时,则为完全倒装形式。如:Never shall I forget the days when you were with us.我很少有时间去看电影。(2). nowhere,no longer,no more等引起的倒装nowhere(无处),no longer(不再),no more(也不)等否定词位于句首时所引起的倒装句通常为部分倒装形式,如果谓语动词为be的一般现在时或一般过去时,则为完全倒 26、装形式:No longer was he in charge of this work.他不再负责这项工作了。(3). not until,not a,not in the least等引起的倒装not until(直到才),not a(一个也没有),not in the least(一点儿也不),not for a minute/moment(一点儿也不)等位于句首时,通常引起倒装(not a之后的名词作主语时除外),其形式通常为部分倒装形式,如果谓语动词为be的一般现在时或一般过去时,则为完全倒装形式。如:Not until all the demands had been turned 27、down did the workers decide to go on strike.一直到所有的要求遭到拒绝之后,工人们才决定罢工。Not once did he talk to me.他一次也没有和我谈过。(4). under no circumstances,by no means,in no way等引起的倒装in/under no circumstances(无论如何不),by no means (决不),in no case (无论如何不),in no way (决不),on no account (决不可),on no condition(决不)等短语位于句首时所引起的倒装句通 28、常为部分倒装形式,如果谓语动词为be的一般现在时或一般过去时,则为完全倒装形式。如:In no case must force be resorted to.决不准许诉诸武力。By no means is it true that all English people know their own language well.并非所有的英国人都通晓本国语。关联连词位于句首时引起的倒装(1). not only.but also引起的倒装not only.but also位于句首所引起的倒装句为部分倒装形式,如果谓语动词为be的一般现在时形式或一般过去时形式,则为完全倒装形式。如: Not on 29、ly should we not be afraid of difficulties, but also we should try our best to overcome them.我们不仅应该不怕困难,而且应该尽最大努力去克服它们。(2). neither.nor引起的倒装neither.nor位于句首引起的倒装句为部分倒装形式,如果谓语动词为be的一般现在时或一般过去时,则为完全倒装形式。如:Neither Peter wanted the responsibility,nor did his wife.彼得不想担此责任,他妻子也不想担此责任。(3). hardly.when/no s 30、ooner.than引起的倒装hardly/scarcely/barely.when或nosooner.than位于句首所引起的倒装句为部分倒装形式,如果谓语动词为be的一般现在时或一般过去时,则为完全倒装形式。如:Hardly had he arrived when/No sooner had he arrived than he was asked to leave again.他刚到就又被请走了。(4). so.that引起的倒装so.that位于句首所引起的倒装句为部分倒装形式,如果谓语动词为be的一般现在时或一般过去时,则为完全倒装形式。如:So angry was he (He s 31、o angry) that he couldnt speak.他如此愤怒,以致说不出话来。(5). such.that引起的倒装such.that位于句首所引起的倒装句为部分倒装形式,如果谓语动词为be的一般现在时或一般过去时,则为完全倒装形式。如:Such was the force of the explosion that all the windows were broken.爆炸的威力如此之大,以致所有的窗户都被震破了。only引起的倒装当副词only位于句首并修饰状语或宾语时,引起句子的倒装,其形式通常为部分倒装,如果谓语动词为be的一般现在时或一般过去时,则为完全倒装。如:Onl 32、y in this way can you solve this problem.只有用这种方法,你才可以解决这个问题。Only yesterday did I finish this the book.到昨天我才读完那本书。表语位于句首时所引起的倒装当作表语的形容词、副词、介词短语等位于句首时,常常引起倒装,其形式为完全倒装:Aristotle says,“Plato is dear to me,but dearer still is truth.”亚里斯多德说,“吾爱柏拉图,但更爱真理。”Present at the meeting were Professor Smith,Profess 33、or Brown,Sir Hugh and many other celebrities.到会的有史密斯教授、勃朗教授、休爵士以及许多其他知名人士。状语位于句首时所引起的倒装(1). 当位于句首的状语是一些表示地点的介词短语或表示运动方向的副词(如away,back,down,in,off,out,up)时,常常引起倒装,其形式为全部倒装。如:Away went the runners.赛跑手们刷地跑开了。Down came the rain.雨哗地落下来了。(2).介词短语作地点状语,放在句首,后面跟的是不及物动词be,come,sit live,stand,lie,exist等时常常引起倒 34、装,其形式为全部倒装。如:Next to the table is a chair.桌旁有把椅子。At the South Pole lies Antarctica, the coldest and most desolate region on earth.南极洲位于南极,它是地球上最寒冷和最荒凉的地区。状语从句中的倒装(1).让步状语从句中的倒装as引导的让步状语从句中的倒装:在as引导的让步状语从句中,位于句首的可以是形容词、名词、副词,还可以是谓语动词的一部分,从而形成从句的部分倒装。如:Tires as he was, he continued the work.虽然他累了,但是仍然 35、继续工作。(2).方式状语从句中的倒装as引导的方式状语从句一般为正常语序,但是,如果主语比谓语长,可将谓语动词置于主语之前,形成完全倒装。如:He believed,as did all his family,that the king was the supreme lord.他和他全家人一样,都认为国王是至高无上的君主。(3).比较状语从句的倒装than引导的比较状语从句中的倒装:由than引导的比较状语从句一般为正常语序。但是,如果主语较长,可将谓语动词置于主语之前,形成完全倒装:Western Nebraska generally receives less snow than do 36、es eastern Nebraska.内布拉斯加西部地区的降雪通常比东部地区少。the more.,the more.结构中的倒装在以the more., the more.引导的倒装结构中,采用部分倒装;如果主句的主语较长,可将谓语动词置于主语之前,形成完全倒装。如:The more books you read(宾语提前),the wider your knowledge is(表语提前).书读得越多,知识就越渊博。编辑本段用于其他一些特殊句型中用于有直接引语的句型中在直接引语之后,“主语+ say/ ask之类的动词”可以用正语序,也可以倒装,在书面语中常用全部倒装。如:-“What 37、do you mean?” asked Henry. (or:Henry asked.)-“Perhaps he isnt a bad sort of chap after all,” remarked Dave.-“I am aware of that,” replied the Englishman.-“Please go away,” said one child. “ And don't come back,” pleaded another.但是,主语是代词时不用倒装。请比较:-“What do you mean?” he asked.-“Whos paying?” shou 38、ted the fat man at the corner. “You are,” I answered.用于表示祝愿/意愿的句型这种祈求性虚拟语气一般只用于几种相当固定的说法中。如:-Long live the Peoples Republic of China!-Far be it from me to spoil the fun.“may + 主语 + 谓语”这种结构表示一种愿望或诅咒。-May you live a long and happy life!-May the best man win!-May he never set foot in this house again!- 39、May you break your neck!用于 “sothat”句型中把so置于句首的情形下,需要部分倒装。如:-So absurd did he look that everyone stared at him.-So suspicious did he become that-So vigorously did he protest that the authorities reconsidered his case.用于as之后,表示状态和相似倒装在文学体裁中有时出现在as之后,例如:-She traveled a great deal, as did most of her friends.-The present owner is a keen art collector, as were several of her ancestors.-She looks forward, as does her secretary, to the completion of the building.在条件和让步分句中a. 用于条件句中表达虚拟的if从句(非真实条件从句)中的if可以省略,句子呈现倒装。例如:-Were I To 倒装句用法总结 英语中,主语在谓语之前称之为正常语序。但是如果谓语或谓语的一部分提到主语之前,则称为倒装。句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前称为完全倒装;将谓语的一部分如助动词、情态动词、be动词提到主语之前则称为部分倒装。 一、完全倒装 完全倒装通常只用于一般现在时和一般过去时,常见的结构有: 1. 表示时间now,then等或方位here,there,up,down,in,out,away,off,inside,outside等的副词,以及表示地点的介词短语in the room,on the wall等置于句首,且主语为名词时,句子要用完全倒装结构。主语为人称代词时不倒装。 There goes the bell. Then came the chairman. At the foot of the mountain lies a village,where people still livea peaceful life. Ahead sat an old woman. Here he comes. Away they went. 二、部分倒装 1. only所修饰的副词/介词短语/状语从句位于句首时(作状语用) Only in this way, can you learn English well. Only when you are a parent will you understand how I feel now. 2. never, hardly, seldom, scarcely, little,not…until, not, no, by no mean, at no time等否定意义的词位于句首时 Never have I seen such a performance. Nowhere will you find the answer to this question. Not until the child fell asleep did the mother leave the room. No sooner had they arrived at home than it began to rain heavily. 注意:not only…but also连接并列分句时,not only部分要倒装(连接主语时不倒装) Not only did he refuse the gift, he also severely criticized the sender. 3. so…that中so或such…that中such位于句首时 So frightened was he that he dared not go home alone. Such a careless girl was she that he made the mistake a third time. 4. so位于句首表示前句的内容也同样适用于后一个人或物时(只能是肯定句,且前后两句主语不同); neither/nor用于句首,表示前句的否定内容也适用于后一句的人/物时(只能用于否定句,且前后两句主语不同) He likes chatting. So does his wife. If you won't go, neither will I. 5. 在虚拟语气中,如果if条件从句有系动词were或助动词should/had,可以把其置于句首,同时省去if. Were it to rain, we would cancel the plan. 声明:素材源自网络,版权归原作者。大家都在看◆语法 | 状语从句用法归纳◆读后续写|A Miserable(悲惨的), Merry Christmas版权合作联系290768307@qq.com ·基本特征 1.英语是一种结构语言,最基的词序是"主+谓"。若把谓语动词或部分谓语放在主语前面,就是倒装。 2.倒装是英语中的一种语法现象,也是一个重要的修辞手段,往往将重要的内容前置加以强调。 3.熟用倒装句可提升对英语语言之欣赏能力,用于写作中亦可丰富语言表达,使文章生动、有力。 ·具体用法 一、完全倒装 1.用法 ① 副词 here 、 there 、 then . now 、 in . out . up . down 、 away . off 等置于句首。 例句: There goes the bell . Out rushed a boy followed by a dog . ② 表示地点的介词短语位于句首时。 例句: In the corner was a table . ③ 由形容词、分词、 such 充当的表语提前置于句首时。 例句:Hanging on the wall is a pictured Such was Einstein , a Simple many and the 20th century ' s greatest scientist . ④ 直接引语的一部分或全部放在句首,说话者非人称代词时。 例句: I ' ll call again after supper ." said Tom ," Please wait for my Phone ." ⑤ 注意:当主语为人称代词时,只提前被强调词,其余部分不用完全倒装,即"主+谓+其他”。 例句:Here you are . " What do you mean ," he asked . 二、部分倒装 用法 1、否定词语(半否定词语)位于句首时,使用部分倒装。否定副词包括: never . rarely . scarcely . Seldom . Little 、few . hardly . not . no . nowhere . at no time .under / on no circumstances . in no case . by no means . on no account .on no condition .in no way 等。 例句:Never have I seen him before . By no means can teaching be separated from Practice . Little did Rose care about her own self - safety though She was in great danger . 2、主句倒装的几个基本句型 (1)当" only +状语位于句首",后面的主句使用部分倒装,其余部分不倒装,仍用"主+谓”语序。 例句:Only in this way can you work out the Problem . (2)表示"一...就..."的三个句型: no sooner ... than , hardly ... when .... Scarcely ... when ...位于句首时,前面的主句使用部分倒装,其余部分不倒装,仍使用"主+谓”语序。 例句: Hardly had he gone out of the classroom when it began to rain . (3)表示"如此...以至于"的句型 So ... that ...或 such ... that .…置于句首时,前面的主句使用部分倒装,其余部分不倒表,仍用"主+谓"语序 例句:So loudly did he speak that even People in the next room could hear him . (4)表示"不但...而且….."的句型 Not only .…. but also ...或 not only ... but ... as well 置于句首时,前面的句子使用部分倒装,其余部分不倒装,仍用"主+谓"语序。 例句:Not only was there no electricity at that time but also ( there was ) no water in the area . (5)表示"直到…才”的句型 Not until ...引导状语从句且置于句首时,后面的主句使用部分倒装,其余部分不倒装,仍用"主+谓"语序。 例句: Not until ten o ' clock last night did Mum go to bed . 3、句型 Neither ... nor 引导状语从句时,主句和从句均部分倒装。 例句: Neither has he called on her , nor will he do . 4、 表示"也"或"也不",即表示前面的情况也适用于后一种的So , neither , nor 位于句首时,使用部分倒装。 例句:They love having lots of friends ; So do those with disabilities . 5、虚拟条件句的谓语动词如果是 were 、 had 、 should 时,可省略 if ,只提前上述三词,使用部分倒装,否定副词 not . never 不提前 例句:Were I you , I would follow my Parents ' adv ice . Had you worked hard at your lessons , you would have Passed the exam . 6、疑问句中的部分倒装:一般疑问句和特殊疑问句中使用部分倒装。但当疑问词作主语时不倒装。 例句:How are you getting along with your work ? Who Stole your wallet ? 7、表示祝福的句型引导部分倒装。 例句:May you succeed ! 三、形式倒装 1.由 what 和 how 引导的感叹句只提前被强调的部分,主谓语序不变。 例句:what an interesting tack they had ! How interesting their tack is ! 2.由 whatever +名词和, however +形容词/副词引导的让步状语从句,只提前被强调的部分,主谓语序不变。 例句:Whatever reasons you have , you should carry out your Promise However difficult the Problem may be , we must work it out this evening . 3.The more ... the more 句型提,前时,只起强调作用,主谓语序不变。 例句:1The more you listen to English the easier it becomes . 4.表示"虽然"的连词 as 引导让步状语从可时,必须提前强调的部分,但主谓语序不变;而 though 引导让步状语从句时,所强调部分既可提前亦可不提前。如提前,主谓语序仍不变。 例句:Child as he is , he knows a lot about the world . Hard as he worked,he failed . 倒装的种类英语最基本的词序是主语在谓语动词的前面。如果将句子的主语和谓语完全颠倒过来,这称之为完全倒装。如果只将助动词或情态动词移至主语之前,谓语的其他部分仍保留在主语的后面,这称之为部分倒装。一. 完全倒装 完全倒装是将谓语的全部放在主语之前,此结构通常只用于一般现在时和一般过去时两种。On her left sat her husband.她左边坐着她丈夫。Here is the book you want.你要的书在这儿。Down went the small boat.小船沉下去了。 二. 部分倒装部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分,如助动词或情态动词,移至主语之前。Only by working hard can one succeed.只有努力才能成功。Never have I seen her before.我以前没见过她。提示:如果句中的谓语没有助动词或情态动词,则需添加助动词do, does或did,并将其置于主语之前。Well do I remember the day I joined the League.入团的那一天,我记忆犹新。Little did I think that he could be back alive .我没有想到他竟能活着回来。 三. 常见的倒装结构A. 常见的完全倒装结构1.there be 句型。There is a mobile phone and some books on the desk.桌上有一个手机和一些书。There are thousands of people gathering on the square.广场上聚集着成千上万的人注意:引导词there 还可以接appear, exist, lie, remain, seem, stand, live 等词。There lived an old fisherman in the village.村里住着一位老渔夫。There stand two white houses by the river.河滨矗立着两座白房子。There existed some doubt among the students.学生中有些怀疑。2.用于here, there, now, thus, then + 动词 + 主语的句型中(谓语动词多为be, go, come等)。Here comes the bus.汽车来了。There goes the bell. 铃响了。Now comes my turn. 轮到我了。Then came the order to take off.起飞的命令到了。3.以out, in, up, down, off, away等副词开头,谓语动词是表示“移动”的go, come, leave等句子里。Away went the crowd one by one.人们一个一个地离去。In came a stranger in black.进来了一位穿黑衣的陌生人。Down fell the leaves.树叶掉了下来。注意:在完全倒装的结构里,如果主语是人称代词,则用正常语序。Out she went. 她走了。Here we are. 我们到了。4.表示地点的介词词组位于句首,谓语动词是表示“存在”之意的be, lie, stand, exist等句子中。South of the lake lies a big supermarket.湖泊的南边是一个大超市。20 miles east of our school lies a modern swimming pool.我们学校向东20英里有一个现代化的游泳池。On the floor were piles of old books, magazines and newspapers.地板上是一堆堆旧的书报杂志。5.“表语+连系动词+主语”结构。Lucky is she who was admitted to a famous university last year.她很幸运,去年被一所名牌大学录取。Gone are the days when he was looked down upon.他被人看不起的日子一去不复返了。Present at the meeting are some well-known scientists.一些知名的科学家出席了会议。 B. 常见的部分倒装结构1.含有否定意义的副词或连词(如not, seldom, little, hardly, never, rarely, nowhere等)放在句首时。He can not speak a single word of English.——Not a single word of English can he speak.他连一个英语单词都不会说。He cares little about his clothes.——Little does he care about his clothes.他不在乎穿着。I have never seen him before.——Never have I seen him before.——Never before have I seen him.我以前没见过他。The mother didn't leave the room until the child fell asleep.——Not until the child fell asleep did the mother leave the room.孩子睡着了,妈妈才离开房间。(Not until引出的主从复合句中,主句倒装,从句不倒装。)Churchill was not only a statesman, but a poet——Not only was Churchill a statesman, but a poet.丘吉尔不仅是个政治家,而且还是个诗人。I shall by no means give up.——By no means shall I give up. 我决不放弃。必背:表示“刚……就……的倒装结构Hardly had he started to leave when it began to rain.他刚要离开,天就下起了雨。Scarcely had he sat down when his mobile phone rang.他刚坐下,手机就响了。No sooner had he handed in his paper than he realized his mistakes.他刚交卷就意识到出错了。2.副词only +状语放在句首时。 Only then did I see life was not easy.只有那时我才知道生活是不易的。 Only in this way can you use the computer well.只有用这种方法你才能把电脑学好。 Only when he is seriously ill does he ever stay in bed.只有他病重时,他才待在床上。 (only+状语从句,从句不倒装,主句倒装) 3.so作“也”讲时,引导的句子用倒装语序,表示前面所说的肯定情况也适用于另一人(或物)。其句型是:So + be(have,助动词或情态动词)+主语。 She has been to Tokyo. So have I.她去过东京,我也去过。 He can send emails to his former classmates. So can she.他能电子邮件给以前的同学,她也能。 He went to the film last night. So did I.昨天晚上他去看电影了,我也去了。 注意:如果对前面所说的内容,加以肯定,或不作“也”讲而只起连词作用,表示一种结果的意思,那不倒装。 --- Jack won the first prize in the contest.杰克在比赛中获一等奖。 --- So he did. 确实是的。 --- It is cold today. 今天很冷。 --- So it is and so was it yesterday.确实是很冷,昨天也很冷。 His mother told him to go to the film. So he did.他母亲叫他去看电影,他就去了。 4.neithernor引导的句子用倒装语序,用于对前面所说的否定内容表示同样的看法。 She won誸 go. NeitherNor will I.她不走,我也不。 I cannot swim. Neither can he .我不会游泳,他也不会。 注意: 如果前面所说的内容既有肯定又有否定,或前后的谓语动词形式不一致时,用“It is the same with +主语”结构或用“So it is with +主语”结构。 He worked hard, but didn't pass the exam. So it was with his sister. 他很努力,但没有通过考试。他妹妹也是这样。(既有肯定又有否定) She is a teacher and she enjoys teaching. So it is with Mr Li. 她是老师,热爱教书。李先生也是这样。(谓语一个是系动词,一个是行为动词) 5.“so...that...和“such...that...”结构中的so或such位于句首时。 He was so excited that he could not say a word. ——So excited was he that he could not say a word. 他如此激动以至于一句话都说不出来。 His anger was such that he lost control of himself. ——Such was his anger that he lost control of himself. 他是如此地生气,以至于他不能控制自己了。 6.一些表示频率的副词(如many a time, often等)位于句首时。 I have seen her taking a walk alone many a time. Many a time have I seen her taking a walk alone. 我多次看到她独自一人在散步。 She often came to my house in the past. Often did she come to my house in the past. 过去她常到我家来。 7.表示方式、程度的副词位于句首时。 Well do I remember the day when I joined the League.我对入团的那一天还记忆犹新。 Gladly would I accept your proposal.我很高兴接受你的建议。 8.非谓语动词 + be + 主语。 Covering much of the earth's surface is a blanket of water.覆盖地球大部分表面的是水。 Also discussed were the problems we had met with in our studies.同时还讨论了我们在学习中碰到的问题。 First to unfold was the map of the world.首先要打开的是世界地图。 c. 常见的其他形式的倒装结构 1.宾语位于句首表示强调 The past one can know, but the future one can only feel.一个人可以明知过去,但只能感悟未来。 What Julia did I cannot imagine.我想象不出朱莉娅做了什么。 2.the ...more... the more ...结构中的倒装 The harder you work, the happier you feel.你越努力工作,就越觉得快乐。(表语提前) The more you study, the more you know.你学得越多,就明白越多。(宾语提前) 提示:有时从句倒装,主句不倒装。 I like the painting better the more I look at it.我越看这幅画,就越喜欢它。 3.as though 引导的让步状语从句中的倒装 ①表语提前,构成倒装。 Though she is very pretty, she is not clever. → Pretty though she is, she is not clever. 虽然她很漂亮,但是她不聪明。 Although it may appear strange, it is true. → Disabled as he was, he tried his best to serve the people. 虽然他残疾了,但他仍尽力为人民服务。 Although he is a child, he speaks fluent English. → Child as he is, he speaks fluent English. 虽然他是个孩子,但能讲流利的英语。(名词单数前不用不定冠词a) Though he is the shortest, he is the richest of the three. → Shortest as he is, he is the richest of the three. 虽然他是三个人中最矮的,却是最富有的。(形容词最高级前去定冠词the) ②动词提前,构成倒装。 Though they searched, they could not find anything in the house. → Search as they did , they could not find anything in the house. 虽然他们搜遍了, 却没在房子里找到任何东西。 Though I failed, I would try again. → Fail as I did, I would try again. 尽管我失败了,但我还要再试。 Though she may try again, she won't pass it. Try as she may, she won't pass it. 尽管愿意再试,她还是不会通过的。 ③副词提前,构成倒装。 Though he tried hard, he couldn't pass the exam. → Hard as he tried, he couldn't pass the exam. 尽管他努力了,他还没有通过考试。 Though I listened attentively, I still couldn't understand what he said at the meeting. → Attentively as I listened, I still couldn't understand what he said at the meeting. 尽管我专心听了,我还是不懂他在会议上说的话。 Though he ran the fastest, he still didn'tcatch the train. → Fastest as he ran, he still didn't catch the train. 尽管他跑得最快,仍没有赶上火车。(副词最高级前不用定冠词the) 4.一些习惯说法使用倒装语序。 How goes it with you 你好吗? What care I 管我什么事? What matters it 这有什么关系? 口诀 副词开头要倒装,人称代词则如常。 only修饰副介状,位于句首半倒装。 否定意义副连词,即“不……也不”需倒装。 such代词做表语,引起主谓要倒装。 Not only开头句,前一分句须倒装。 had, were, should虚拟句,省略if半倒装。 本文来源于网络,如有侵权请联系删除. 戳上面的蓝字关注我们! 学好倒装句,不仅对理解英语阅读长难句有帮助,用在作文中更可以丰富文章,给文章润色、添彩。但是完全倒装、部分倒装都要分很多种情况,知识点又细又杂。今天,一篇文章帮你搞定倒装句的使用情况与使用方法! 一、 完全倒装完全倒装:将句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前。适合时态:通常只用于一般现在时和一般过去式。 1. here, there, now, then, thus等副词置于句首,谓语动词常用be, come, go, lie, run等表示来去或状态的动词。 e.g. Here is your letter. 这是你的信。 Then came his mother. 那时他妈妈来了。 2. 表示运动方向的副词或地点状语置于句首,谓语表示运动的动词。 e.g. Ahead sat an old woman. 前面坐着一个老奶奶。 3. 完全倒装句型结构的主语必须是名词。如果主语是人称代词,不能完全倒装。 e.g. Here he comes. 他来了。 Away they went. 他们走了。 二、 部分倒装部分倒装:将谓语的一部分(如助动词、情态动词)倒装置主语之前。如果句子的谓语没有助动词或情态动词,则需要添加助动词do, does或did,并将其置于主语之前。 1. 句首为否定或半否定的词语时使用,如no, not, never, seldom, little, hardly, no time, in no way, not until 等。 e.g. Nowhere will you find the answer to this question. 你怎么也不可能找到这个问题的答案的。 Never have I seen such a performance. 我从没见过这么糟糕的表演。 2. 用 not until 引出主从复合句时,主句倒装,从句不倒装。 e.g. 中文:直到孩子入睡后母亲才离开房间。 原句:The mother didn't leave the room until the child fell asleep. 倒装句:Not until the child fell asleep did the mother leave the room. 3. 用 so, neither, nor表示“也(不)”时,使用部分倒装。 e.g. Tom can speak German, so can Jack. 汤姆会说德语,杰克也会。 If you won't go, neither will I. 你不去的话,我也不。 注意:当so引出的句子是为了对前文内容加以肯定或证实时,意为“的确如此”,则不可用倒装结构。 e.g. — It's raining hard. 雨下得好大。 — So it is. 还真是。 4. only位于句首,并后跟副词、介词短语或从句等状语时,主句需要用倒装结构。 e.g. Only in this way can you speak English well. 只有通过这种方法你才能更好地讲英语。 Only when he is seriously ill does he ever stay in bed. 他只有病得很重时,才会卧床休息。 5. as和though可引导倒装句 1)名词+as/though+主语+动词:此时的动词多为系统词,且句首名词不加冠词(即使有形容词)。 e.g. Queen as she was, she was unhappy. 她虽是女王,也并不幸福。 Great teacher though he is, he can't know everything. 尽管他是一名伟大的教师,也不可能什么都会。 2)形容词+as/though+主语+动词:此时动词同样多为系动词。 e.g. Beautiful though the necklace was, we thought it was over-priced. 那条项链虽然很好看,但我们还是认为价格太高。 3)副词+as/though+主语+动词 e.g. Fast as you read, you can't finish this book in two days. 尽管你读得很快,还是不可能两天读完这本书。 4)动词原形+as/though+主语+动词:主语后的动词通常为may, might等情态动词或助动词。 e.g. Dislike him as we may, we must acknowledge his greatness. 尽管我们不喜欢他,但也不能否认他的伟大。 5)分词+as/though+主语+动词 e.g. Raining hard as it is, I'm going out for a walk. 尽管下着大雨,我还是要出去走一走。 6. Not only… but also…, Hardly… when…, No sooner… than…, so… that…等句型,可能需要倒装。 e.g. Hardly had she gone out when a student came to visit her. 她刚出门,就有个学生来探望她。 So frightened was he that he didn't dare to move an inch. 他被吓得动都不敢动。 7. 在虚拟语气条件句中,从句谓语动词有were, had, should等词,可将if省略,把were, had, should移到主语之前,采取部分倒装。 e.g. 中文:我是你的话,我就再试一次。 原句:If I were you, I would try it again. 倒装句:Were I you, I would try it again. 扫描二维码即可领取 高中必备提分资料包 (持续更新中······) 声明:本文信息来源于网络,如有版权问题,请联系管理员删除。 ▼关注北教培优学院,请长按下面二维码▼如果对您有帮助,那就点个“在看”吧!英语语法|“倒装句”超级大汇总,考点归纳~的介绍就聊到这里吧,感谢你花时间阅读本站内容,更多关于英语语法|“倒装句”超级大汇总,考点归纳~、英语语法|“倒装句”超级大汇总,考点归纳~的信息别忘了在本站进行查找喔。
未经允许不得转载! 作者:谁是谁的谁,转载或复制请以超链接形式并注明出处。
原文地址:http://96gps.cn/post/24669.html发布于:2026-04-28




